P-SIM 5000 Hydraulics
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Study Of Hydraulics

• Basic Hydraulics
• Review

Principles Of Hydraulics

• Hydraulic Principles
  • Incompressibility
  • Multiplication of Force
  • Hydrostatic/Hydrodynamic
• Pressure Defined
• Conservation of Energy
• The Hydraulic System
• Stalling an Electric Motor
• Fluid Vapors
• Air
• Water
• Flow, Pressure and Resistance
• Characteristics of Fluids
• Series Flow Path
• Pressure Drop through an Orifice
• Pressure Indicates Workload
• Speed of an Actuator
• Velocity in Pipes
• Determining Pipe Size Requirements
• Size Ratings of Lines
• Work and Power
• Horsepower in a Hydraulic System
• Horsepower and Torque
• Designing a Simple Hydraulic System
• Conclusions
• Review

Basic Principles Of Hydraulics

• Liquids
• How Hydraulic Works
• Reservoir
• Check Valves
• Control Valve
• Relief Valve

Motors

• Hydraulic Motors
• Comparing Pump and Motor Designs
• Displacement and Torque of Motors
• Fixed Displacement Motors
• Variable Displacement Motors
• Types of Hydraulic Motors
• Vane Motors
• Summary: Balance Vane Motors
• Piston Motors
• Hydraulic Motor applications and Efficiencies
• Motor Selection
• Motor Torque
• Speed
• Motor Horsepower
• Motor Size
• Motor Pressure Range
• Torque Speed Range
• Torque/Running, Stalled and Overload
• Motor Evaluation
• Hydraulic Motor Malfunctions
• Poor Maintenance
• Improper Fluid
• Cold Weather
• Poor Motor Selection
• Motor System Design
• Mechanical Failures
• Summary: Motor applications and Efficiencies
• Conclusion: Uses of Hydraulic Motors
• Diagnosing Motor Failure
• Review

Fluids

• What a hydraulic fluid must do
• Viscosity
• Viscosity index (v1)
• Viscosity index Improver
• Wear retention
• Resistance to Oxidization
• Resistance to foaming
• Ability to separate from water
• Lack of other contaminants
• Maintaining good fluid
• Drain schedule
• Keeping hydraulic fluids clear
• Review

Cylinders

• Types of Cylinders
• Piston ring cylinders
• Ram type construction
• Single acting cylinders
• Double acting cylinders
• Unbalanced or Differential
• Extra features of Piston Type Cylinders
• Stroke control devices
• Slave cylinders
• Cushions
• Step Pistons
• Regenerating Cylinders
• Telescoping Cylinders
• Protective Check Valves
• Protective Thermal relief valves
• Vane type cylinders
• Identifying size of cylinders
• Testing and diagnosing Cylinder problems
• Maintenance of Cylinders
• Review

Filters

• Viscosity and types of Fluids
• Viscosity index (v1)
• Viscosity index improver
• Wear retention
• Resistance to Oxidization
• Resistance to foaming
• Ability to separate from water
• Lack of other contaminants
• Maintaining good fluid
• Drain schedule
• Keeping hydraulic fluids
• Review

Mainenance

• Key Maintenance Problems
• Maintenance of the whole system
• The importance of Cleanliness
• Cleaning and Flushing the System
• Review

Accumulators

• Use of the Accumulators
• Accumulators that absorb shock
• Accumulators which maintain constant?
• Type of Accumulators
  • Pneumatic Accumulators
  • Piston type Accumulators
  • Bladder type Accumulators
  • Diaphragm type Accumulators
  • Precautions
  • Pre-Charged Accumulators
  • Repairing Accumulators
  • Pre-charging Accumulators
  • Installing
• Weight Loaded Accumulators
• Spring Loaded Accumulators
• Review

Pumps

• Hydraulic Pumps
• When is a Pump Hydraulic?
• Displacement of Hydraulic Pumps
• Fixed displacement
• Variable Displacement
• Types of Hydraulic Pumps
• Gear Pumps
• External and Internal Gear Pumps
• Valve Pumps
• Balanced Vane Pumps
• Unbalanced Vane Pumps
• Piston Pumps
  • Axial Piston Pumps
  • Radial Piston Pumps
• Reciprocating Piston Pumps
• Use of Stroke Control Mechanism
• Pump Qualities
  • Physical Size
  • Pump Delivery and Speed
  • Pump Efficiency
  • Volumetric Efficiency
  • Mechanical Efficiency
  • Summary of Pump Selection
• Classifying Gear, Vane and Piston Pump Efficiency
• Summary of Pump Efficiency
• Malfunction of Pumps
• Contaminated Fluid
• Some Fluids Bad for Seals
• Some Fluids are Bad in Themselves
• Poor Operating Procedures
• Overloading the Pump
• Over-speeding the Pump
• Diagnosing Pump Failures
• Review

Valves

• Hydraulic Valve Introduction
• Relief
• Volume Control
• Flow Divider
• Reducing
• Sequence/Unloading
• Review

Valve Principles And Operations

• Directional Control
• Poppet
• Electro-Hydraulic
• Failure/Servicing
• Review

Seals

• Hydraulic Seals
• The Use of Seals
• Dynamic Seals
• The Type of Seals
• Cup and Flange Packings
• Compression Gaskets
• How Seals are Selected for Each Use
• Seal Failure and Remedies
• Lubricating
• Alignment
• Maintenance
• Removing Seals
• Check Shaft and Bores
• Compatibility
• Installing Seals
• Lip Type Seals
• Review

Reservoirs

• Introduction
• The Outlet and Return lines
• The Intake filter
• Air to Oil Cooler
• Water to Oil Cooler
• Flexible Hoses
• How to Select Hoses
• Types of Hoses
• Review

Glossary

• A Selection of common terms used in the Study of Hydraulics